Using diagrams to solve 11 plus maths word problems: Spiegel
1 November 2026
Why diagrams matter for word problems
Many children find 11 plus maths word problems challenging because they have to turn words into numbers and operations. Diagrams help make sense of the information, making it easier to spot what needs to be calculated.
How diagrams support Spiegel questions
Spiegel word problems often require a clear overview of what is given and what is missing. Drawing a bar model, number line or simple sketch can help children see the relationship between quantities and keep track of each step.
Key insight: Visual aids reduce confusion
A simple diagram can turn a confusing paragraph into a clear picture. This helps children decide which operations to use and prevents mistakes caused by missing details or misreading the question.
Worked example
A box contains 12 red balls and some blue balls. There are 20 balls in the box altogether. How many blue balls are there?
Step 1: Draw a bar and split it into two parts. Label one part 'red balls' and write 12. Label the other part 'blue balls' and put a question mark.
Step 2: Draw a bracket above the whole bar and label it '20 balls in total'.
Step 3: Write the equation: 12 +? = 20
Step 4: Rearrange to find the missing number: 20 - 12 = 8
There are 8 blue balls in the box.
Tips for parents
Encourage your child to draw a diagram before they start calculating. It does not need to be perfect. Even a quick sketch or labelled bar can make a big difference in understanding and accuracy.
Building confidence with practice
Regularly practising with diagrams helps children become more independent and less anxious when facing new word problems. Over time, they will learn to choose the best visual tool for each question.
